Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research apply a voltage between a gold surface coated with a layer of spherical carbon molecules and the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope. The resulting electric field (indicated by the grey arrows in the diagram) can be regulated by the level of the voltage and the distance between the tip and the metal surface. With a particular field strength, the single molecule (in magenta) becomes electrically charged, which immediately leads to electrical energy being converted to light (the yellow wave).
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